Abstract
ABSTRACT – Face mask was identified as an important nonpharmaceutical intervention in halting the spread of Covid-19 across the globe. Health organizations issued advisories accordingly on the use of a face mask in public. To understand how Nigeria newspapers portray face masks in their news reports, a content analysis of four Nigerian newspapers was conducted from February 1, 2020, to September 30, 2020, to understand how face masks are framed in news reportage. News stories with face masks in the title and context of the study were descriptively analyzed. Findings revealed an under-reporting of face masks in Nigerian newspapers. Images were widely used in reporting face masks and pictures showing face masks or people wearing them made up about 50% of the total pictures used. The deductive analysis found 17 frames and five of the frames were prevalent, they include: advisory, punitive, production, donation, and crime frames. The study recommends that Nigerian newspapers include more information about the use of face masks in their reportage especially those that guide how to select, wear and care for face masks if the war against Covid-19 is to be won and enable society to function as it used to before the pandemic outbreak.
RESUMO – A máscara facial foi identificada como uma importante intervenção não farmacológica para conter a disseminação da Covid-19 pelo mundo. As organizações de saúde emitiram recomendações adequadas sobre o uso de máscaras faciais em público. Para entender como os jornais da Nigéria retratam a máscara facial em suas reportagens, uma análise de conteúdo de quatro jornais nigerianos foi realizada de 1o de fevereiro de 2020 a 30 de setembro de 2020, buscando compreender de modo específico como a máscara facial é enquadrada nas reportagens. Foram analisadas, através de análise descritiva, as notícias que continham o termo máscara facial em seu título e no corpo da matéria. Os resultados revelaram uma subnotificação sobre as máscaras nos jornais nigerianos. Imagens foram amplamente utilizadas em reportagens sobre máscaras faciais, e fotos mostrando máscaras faciais ou pessoas usando-as representaram cerca de 50% do total das fotos utilizadas. A análise dedutiva encontrou 17 frames e cinco deles eram predominantes. Eles incluem: quadros consultivos, punitivos, de produção, doação e crime. O estudo recomenda que os jornais nigerianos incluam mais informações sobre o uso de máscara facial em suas reportagens, especialmente aquelas que fornecem orientação sobre como selecionar, usar e cuidar das mascaras, de modo a colaborar para que a guerra contra a Covid-19 seja vencida e que a sociedade funcione como costumava ser antes do início da pandemia.
RESUMEN – La mascarilla facial se ha identificado como una importante intervención no farmacológica para contener la propagación de Covid-19 en todo el mundo. Las organizaciones sanitarias han emitido recomendaciones adecuadas sobre el uso de mascarillas en público. Para entender cómo los periódicos en Nigeria retratan la máscara facial en sus informes, se llevó a cabo un análisis de contenido de cuatro periódicos nigerianos desde el 1 de febrero de 2020 hasta el 30 de septiembre de 2020, buscando entender específicamente cómo se enmarca la máscara facial en los informes. Las noticias que contenían el término máscara facial en su título y en el cuerpo de la noticia se analizaron mediante un análisis descriptivo. Los resultados revelaron una escasa información sobre las máscaras en los periódicos nigerianos. Las imágenes se utilizaron ampliamente en los informes sobre máscaras faciales, y las fotos que mostraban máscaras faciales o personas que las llevaban representaron alrededor del 50% del total de las fotos utilizadas. En el análisis deductivo se encontraron 17 encuadres y cinco de ellos fueron predominantes, entre ellos: el de asesoramiento, el punitivo, el de producción, el de donación y el de delito. El estudio recomienda que los periódicos nigerianos incluyan más información sobre el uso de las mascarillas en sus reportajes, especialmente los que orientan sobre cómo seleccionarlas, usarlas y cuidarlas, para colaborar a que se gane la guerra contra el Covid-19 y que la sociedad funcione como lo hacía antes del inicio de la pandemia.
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