Palabras clave
Virtual reality journalism
Uses and gratifications
Affordances
Expectation-confirmation model
Cómo citar
Resumen
ABSTRACT – Virtual reality (VR) journalism promises to impact the cognitive, affective and behavioral faculties of audiences. However, research on VR journalism does not have its own theoretical frameworks. Therefore, this article proposes a model, the MIPRV, which integrates the Uses and Gratifications Theory (U&G), Affordances, and the Expectation-Confirmation Model (ECT) to analyze the three stages of the ‘journey’ (separation, immersion and return) that a user experiences when exposed to a VR news story. The model achieves, in addition to rereading in light of the ethical and normative principles of journalism several of the concepts associated with VR (e.g., presence, embodiment, empathy, etc.), formulating affordances (e.g., storyliving) and gratifications/effects unique to non-fiction stories (e.g., news values and framing, authenticity of the news events and content credibility, knowledge and understanding of the event).
RESUMO – O jornalismo de realidade virtual (RV) promete impactar, mais ou menos, as faculdades cognitivas, afetivas e comportamentais das audiências. No entanto, a pesquisa sobre jornalismo de realidade virtual não possui quadros teóricos próprios. Portanto, este artigo propõe um modelo, o MIPRV, que integra Usos e Gratificações (U&G), Potencialidades Tecnológicas da mídia (affordances, em inglês) e o Modelo de Confirmação de Expectativas (ECT, em inglês) para analisar as três etapas da ‘jornada’ (separação, imersão e retorno) que experimenta um usuário quando exposto a uma notícia de RV. O modelo consegue, além de reler à luz dos princípios éticos e normativos do jornalismo, vários dos conceitos associados à RV (por exemplo, presença, corporificação, empatia, etc.), formular potencialidades tecnológicas (por exemplo, storyliving) e gratificações/efeitos exclusivo para histórias de não ficção (por exemplo, valores e enquadramento da notícia, autenticidade do fato e credibilidade do conteúdo, conhecimento e compreensão do evento).
RESUMEN – El periodismo de realidad virtual (RV) promete impactar, más o menos, las facultades cognitivas, afectivas y conductuales de las audiencias. Su investigación, empero, carece de modelos teóricos propios. En este artículo se propone un modelo, el MIPRV, que integra las teorías de Usos y Gratificaciones (U&G), de Potencialidades tecnológicas de los medios (affordances, en inglés) y el Modelo de Confirmación de Expectativas (MCE) para analizar las tres etapas del ‘viaje’ (separación, inmersión y retorno) que experimenta un usuario al exponerse a una historia periodística de RV. El modelo consigue, además de releer a la luz de los principios éticos y normativos del periodismo varios de los conceptos asociados a la RV (ej.: presencia, encarnación, empatía, etc.), formular potencialidades tecnológicas (ej.: narrativa viva) y gratificaciones/efectos exclusivos de los relatos de no ficción (ej.: valores y encuadres informativos, autenticidad del acontecimiento noticioso y credibilidad en el contenido, conocimiento y comprensión del acontecimiento).
Citas
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